河北医科大学药学院 "Angel of Death"-Digoxin 马兜铃酸Aristolochic Acid 著名的龙和海肝克事件-latrogenic disease 2 疯草与疯草病 华佗为关羽刮骨疗伤 -0t 《做有在利年) Lentiginosine 2-epi-L.entiginosine 植物文化箭毒木 Batrachotoxin箭毒蛙毒素 Dr.John W.Daly 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授
河北医科大学药学院 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授 6 "Angel of Death"- Digoxin Charles Edmund Cullen (1960-) is an American serial killer. Cullen confessed to authorities that he killed up to forty patients during the course of his sixteen-year career as a nurse in New Jersey. Experts have estimated that Cullen may ultimately be responsible for 400 deaths, which would make him the most prolific serial killer in recorded history. He is currently serving a sentence of life in prison without parole for over 100 years, to be served consecutively with his other sentences in Pennsylvania. 马兜铃酸 Aristolochic Acid 2008年，国际癌症研究机构（International Agency for Research on Cancer，IARC）将马兜铃酸列为 1 类致癌物；马兜铃酸类物质列为 2 类致癌物。到了 2012 年，将所有的马兜铃酸类物质（马兜铃酸、含有马 兜铃酸的化合物及植物）升级成为 1 类致癌物。 2013年，科学家发现马兜铃酸造成的基因突变位点，并证明马兜铃酸 引起基因突变的能力是现今已知所有物质中最强的，在每百万碱基中就 有150个碱基基因会发生突变。同时也首次证明了马兜铃酸具有的肝毒性。 著名的龙胆泻肝丸事件- Iatrogenic disease 疯草与疯草病 273 Swainsonine 苦马豆碱 locoweed 疯草 （牲畜食后引起疯草病） Indolizidine alkaloid 作为抗癌药物进入II临床 Locoweed Disease 疯草病 Lentiginosine 2-epi-Lentiginosine 华佗为关羽刮骨疗伤 N H OCH3 OBz OCH3 OAc OH H3CO OH HO OCH3 OH 乌头碱 Acontine Aconitum carmichaeli 见血封喉 Antiaris toxicaria Lesch 植物文化—箭 毒 木 d-tubocurarine Toxicarioside M OH OH CH3 OH H O O OH HO HO H3C O O H O O O O CHO OH OH HO HO H3C OCH3 HO CH3 N N O O H Toxicarioside B Strychnine 马钱子碱 筒箭毒碱-肌肉松弛剂 N O N O OCH3 H3CO CH3 OH H3C OH H H Batrachotoxin 箭毒蛙毒素 毒镖蛙 Dr. John W. Daly 250-fold more toxic than strychnine (1933-2008) O O N HO O O NH HO H
河北医科大学药学院 天然杀虫剂一Pyrethrin 印楝一“可解决全球问题之树 The new way to keep insects away 除多葡内丽 除支大师 油菜素内酯Brassinolide 他感物质Allelochemics #罗夹Gmve时零17匀用227起尚兼花条能痕样到10m的南常性蜂毒物围 有麻聊参是风肉、抑制汗赚分法华作用，能核载大多数动 新的食。 Anatoxin-a,A Very Fast Death Factor Cytisine:A smoking cessation drug molecule Anatexia is a sever 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授
河北医科大学药学院 天然药物化学教研室史清文教授 7 O O O 天然杀虫剂—Pyrethrin Pyrethrin was isolated from the flower of Pyrethrum cinerariifolium Trev，Chrysanthemun Cinerariaefolium. Which was used as an insecticide. 除虫菊内酯 印楝— “可解决全球问题之树” The new way to keep insects away Azadirachta Indica A. Juss Prof. Steve Ley “除虫大师” MeO2C O O O O OH O H AcO O O H OH CO2Me OH Azadiractin 油菜素内酯 Brassinolide O OH H HO HO OH H H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 O HO 24 25 26 27 28 H 油菜素内酯是从油菜花粉中分得的植物生长促进剂，可使多种 作物增产。 1. 促进细胞伸长和分裂 2. 促进光合作用 3. 提高抗逆性 格罗夫(Grove)等(1979)用227kg油菜花粉提取得到10mg的高活性结晶物BR1. 被国际上誉为第六激素，属新型广谱植物生长调节剂 芸苔素内酯 茄科植物曼陀罗的花在我国古代用来制造“蒙汗 药”，因为其中含有莨菪碱、东莨菪碱及少量阿托品等， 有麻醉松弛肌肉、抑制汗腺分泌等作用，能抵抗大多数动 物的啃食。 阿托品 东莨菪碱 O OH N CH3 O OH O N CH3 O O Atropine Scopolamine 他感物质Allelochemics 281 Anatoxin-a, A Very Fast Death Factor Anatoxin-a was first discovered by P.R. Gorham in the early 1960s, after several herds of cattle died as a result of drinking water from Saskatchewan Lake in Ontario, Canada, which contained toxic algal blooms. It was isolated in 1972 by J.P. Devlin from the cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae. cyanobacteria Anabaena flosaquae 水华鱼腥藻 Anatoxin is a severe neurotoxin 282 Golden rain tree, Laburnum anagyroides Cytisine 野靛碱 Cytisine: A smoking cessation drug molecule Cytisine is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)