Regulation of Sodium balance Extrarenal mechanisms intrarenal mechanisms
6 Regulation of Sodium Balance • Extrarenal mechanisms • intrarenal mechanisms
Extrarenal mechanisms Renal nerves Renin-angiotensin System Atrial natriuretic peptide Vasopressin Endogenous Na-K-ATPase inhibitors
7 Extrarenal mechanisms • Renal nerves • Renin-angiotensin System • Atrial natriuretic peptide • Vasopressin • Endogenous Na-K-ATPase inhibitors
intrarenal mechanisms Renal hemodynamics Physical factors Prostaglandins Kallikrein-kinin system Endothelium-derived factors
8 intrarenal mechanisms • Renal hemodynamics • Physical factors – Prostaglandins – Kallikrein-kinin system – Endothelium-derived factors
Hyponatremia Etiology and classification Clinical features Treatment
9 Hyponatremia • Etiology and classification • Clinical features • Treatment
Etiology and Classification Isotonic hyponatremia Hypertonic hyponatremia hypotonic hyponatremia
10 Etiology and Classification • Isotonic hyponatremia • Hypertonic hyponatremia • hypotonic hyponatremia