Etiology Nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics(NBNB) Chloral hydrate(水合氯醛) Ethchlorvynol(乙氯维诺) Glutethimide(导眠能) Methyprylon(甲乙哌酮) Meprobamate(眠尔通)
Nonbarbiturate, nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics (NBNB) Chloral hydrate (水合氯醛) Ethchlorvynol (乙氯维诺) Glutethimide (导眠能) Methyprylon (甲乙哌酮) Meprobamate (眠尔通) Etiology
Pathogenesis 、 Pharmacokinetics: 1 Pharmacokinetics of the bzd Most bzd are extensively metabolized by the liver Some are metabolized to products which are active and may have a much longer half life than the parent drug The major route of metabolism is N-demethylation in the elderly↓ Cimetidine↓
一、Pharmacokinetics ： 1、Pharmacokinetics of the BZD • Most BZD are extensively metabolized by the liver. • Some are metabolized to products which are active and may have a much longer half life than the parent drug. • The major route of metabolism is N-demethylation. in the elderly Cimetidine Pathogenesis
Pathogenesis 2 Pharmacokinetics of barbiturates Barbiturates with low lipid solubility are excreted in the unchanged form by the kidneys. ie phenobarbita|(苯巴比妥) Barbiturates with high lipid solubility are metabolized to more polar compounds in the liver before being excreted via the kidneys. ie thiopental(硫喷妥)
Pathogenesis 2、Pharmacokinetics of Barbiturates ◼ Barbiturates with low lipid solubility are excreted in the unchanged form by the kidneys. ie phenobarbital（苯巴比妥）. ◼ Barbiturates with high lipid solubility are metabolized to more polar compounds in the liver before being excreted via the kidneys. ie thiopental （硫喷妥）
Pathogenesis 3 Pharmacokinetics of nBNB Most nbnb are extensively metabolized by the liver
3、Pharmacokinetics of NBNB ◼ Most NBNB are extensively metabolized by the liver Pathogenesis